stainless steel rebar publications

strebar5.gif (2111 bytes)

Publications

Stainless Steel Reinforcing Bars (Rebar)
Publications

Further detailed information on stainless steel rebars can be found in these publications (arranged in order of publication date):

R. Schnell and J. Magee: "A history of solid stainless steel rebar, the past, the present and the future", Paper IBC-06-61, International Bridge Conference, Pittsburgh (USA), 12-14 June, 2006.

W.H. Hartt, R.G. Powers, Y.P. Virmani: "Job Site Evaluation of Corrosion Resistant Alloys for Use as Reinforcement in Concrete - Innovative Bridge Construction Program, Concrete Bridge Conference, 7-10 May 2006, Reno, Nevada, USA.

S. Qian, D. Qu and G. Coates: "Galvanic Coupling between carbon steel and stainless steel reinforcement", 44th Annual Conference of Metallurgists, Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum, 21-24 August 2005, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

G. Gedge: "Stainless Steel for Bridge Construction - Materials for the Towers of the Stonecutters Bridge, Hong Kong", Paper IBC-05-13, International Bridge Conference, Pittsburgh (USA), 13-15 June, 2005.

R. Trate: "Choosing Stainless Steel Rebar", Wire Forming Technology International, Winter 2004, pp.18-19.

G.G. Clemeña and Y.P. Virmani: "Comparing the Chloride Resistances of Reinforcing Bars", Concrete International, November 2004, pp.39-49.

International Bridge Conference (Pittsburgh, 14-16 June 2004):
Paper IBC-04-40. "Use of stainless steel reinforcing in coastal bridges" by Frank Nelson, P.E., Oregon Dept. of Transportation, Salem, OR.

Paper IBC-04-41. "A new bridge on the Ticino River in Italy: Advantages and problems by using a new stainless steel rebar" by Giulio Girivetto, Cogne Specialty Steel USA, White Plains, NY and Alberto Franchi, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy.
G. Gedge: "Rationale for using Stainless Steel Reinforcement in the UK Construction Industry", International Stainless Steel Forum (ISSF), 7th Annual Meeting and Conference (ISSF-7), Berlin, Germany, 2003. (the paper can be accessed at the ISSF web site www.worldstainless.org - search for it in the "Document Repository").
Papers with a stainless steel reinforcing theme from the NACE Northern Area Eastern Conference 2003 "Corrosion Control for Enhanced Reliability and Safety" held September 15-17, 2003 in Ottawa (Canada) include the following:

F.N. Smith: "Advantages and Applications of Stainless Steel Reinforcement in Concrete".

F. Pianca: "Assessment of Stainless Steel Clad Reinforcement for Ministry Use".

D.Qu, S.Qian and B. Baldock: "Effect of Galvanic Coupling between Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel Reinforcements"
BSSA (British Stainless Steel Association) Special Report: "The Use of Stainless Steel Reinforcement in Bridges", April 2003.

It is available from the BSSA web site www.bssa.org.uk (look under BSSA Services and Publications).
P. Castro-Borges et al.: "Performance of a 60-Year-Old Concrete Pier with Stainless Steel Reinforcement", Materials Performance, October 2002, p.50-55.
"Willing to Bend", Roads & Bridges, May 2002, p.34-37.
(describes the use of duplex 2205 stainless steel rebar in the Haynes Inlet Slough Bridge, near the coastal town of Coos Bay, Oregon, USA.)

The article is available on-line at www.roadsbridges.com (look under Article Archives)
Highways Agency (United Kingdom): Document BA 84/02 "Use of Stainless Steel Reinforcement in Highway Structures." Part 15 of the Design Manual for Roads and Bridges: Volume 1 - Highway Structures: Approval Procedures and General Design, Section 3: General Design (2002).

Link to the document at: www.archive.official-documents.co.uk/document/ha/dmrb/index.htm
Select Volume 1 and then Section 3 from the documentation

(This comprehensive document provides guidance on the selective use of stainless steel reinforcement in elements of highway bridges and other concrete structures most at risk from chloride attack.)
"Stainless Steel Rebar Guidelines for Shipping, Handling, Fabrication and Placement", a brochure produced by SSINA and NiDI. This document can be downloaded from the SSINA web site at the following link: http://www.ssina.com/publications/index.htm
E. James: "A brighter future for ageing", Concrete Engineering, Vol.6, No.2. Summer 2002, pp.64-67.
A. Knudsen and T.Skovsgaard: "Stainless steel reinforcement", Concrete Engineering, Vol.5, No.3, Autumn 2001, pp59-62.
P. Shirley: "New generation concrete reinforcement", Concrete Engineering, Vol.5, No.3, Autumn 2001, pp.48-52.
R. Reiterman: "Corrosion and concrete reinforcement", Concrete Engineering, Vol.5, No.3, Autumn 2001, pp.45-47.
J. Christoffersen, J. Bjerrum and A. Plovgaard: "Non-corrodible reinforcement", Concrete Engineering International, Vol.4, No.4, June 2000, pp.41-43.
P. Whiteway: "Building a Better Bridge", Stainless Steel Supplement to American Metal Market, p.10A, April 11, 2000.
B. Neuhart and J. Martin: "Stainless Steel Reinforcement in Bridge Construction - Status 2000", 17th International Bridge Conference, June 12-14, 2000, Pittsburgh, PA, Engineers' Society of Western Pennsylvania.
F. Hunkeler: "Einsatz von nichtrostenden Bewehrungsstählen im Betonbau" (Use of non-corroding Reinforcing Steels in Concrete Construction), Eidgenössisches Departement für Umwelt, Verkehr, Energie und Kommunikation / Bundesamt für Strassen, Switzerland, May 2000.

(An English summary is contained in this comprehensive document - Dr. Hunkeler has kindly made this summary available on this web site - click here to access pdf file)
W. Sha and R.V.E. Kee: "Stainless Steel: A User's Survey", Concrete Engineering International, November/December 1999, pp.49-52.
K. Basham: "Choices in Corrosion-Resistant Rebar", Concrete Construction, October 1999, pp.27-33.
A. Knudsen and T. Skovsgaard: "Ahead Of Its Peers", Concrete Engineering International, August/September 1999, pp.58-61.
(describes inspection report on the Progreso Pier, Mexico: built 60 years ago with stainless reinforcement)
ARMINOX: "Pier in Progreso, Mexico", Inspection Report, Evaluation of the Stainless Steel Reinforcement, March 1999.
(excellent case study)
C.J. Abbott: "Steel Corrosion Solution", Concrete Engineering International, May 1999, pp.38-43.
J.M. Haynes: "A Stainless Reputation", Concrete Engineering International, May 1999, pp.44-45.
F.N. Smith and M. Tullmin: "Using Stainless Steels as Long-Lasting Rebar Material", Materials Performance, Vol.38, No.5, May 1999, p.72.
U.S. Dept. of Transportation: Federal Highway Administration Publication No. FHWA-RD-98-153, December 1998, "Corrosion Evaluation of Epoxy-Coated, Metallic-Clad and Solid Metallic Reinforcing Bars in Concrete".
The Concrete Society (UK): Concrete Society Technical Report 51, "Guidance on the Use of Stainless Steel Reinforcement", Report of a Concrete Society Steering Committee, 1998.
The following six papers were published in the Proceedings of the International Conference on Corrosion and Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete Structures held December 7-11, 1998 in Orlando:

D. McDonald, D. Pfeifer and P. Virmani: "Corrosion-Resistant Reinforcing Bars - Findings of a 5-Year FHWA Study";

A. Knudsen, F.M. Jensen, O. Klinghoffer and T. Skovsgaard: "Cost-effective Enhancement of Durability of Concrete Structures by Intelligent Use of Stainless Steel Reinforcement";

L. Bertolini, M. Gastaldi, M. Pedeferri and P. Pedeferri: "Effects of Galvanic Coupling between Carbon Steel and Stainless Steel Reinforcement in Concrete";

B.H. Neuhart: "Use of Stainless Steels in Reinforced Concrete Structures-Status 1998";

J.F. McGurn: "Stainless Steel Reinforcing Bars in Concrete";

M. Tullmin, F.N. Smith and P. Gu: "The Inclusion of Stainless Steel Rebars into a Major Highway - The Information Super Highway".
P. Whiteway: "Building Better Bridges", Nickel Magazine, Vol.14, No.1, September 1998.
Link to the article here.
D.B. McDonald and P.D. Krauss: "Corrosion-Resistant Reinforcing Steel: Results from 96 Weeks of In-Concrete Tests", Concrete Under Severe Conditions 2, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Concrete under Severe Conditions, Vol.1, Tromso, Norway, June 21-24, 1998 (published by E&FN Spon).
A.K.C. Ip, F. Pianca and B.B. Hope: "Application of Stainless Steel Reinforcement for Highway Bridges in Ontario", Concrete Under Severe Conditions 2, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Concrete under Severe Conditions, Vol.1, Tromso, Norway, June 21-24, 1998 (published by E&FN Spon).
L. Bertolini, P.Pedeferri and T. Pastore: "Stainless Steel in Reinforced Concrete Structures", Concrete Under Severe Conditions 2, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Concrete under Severe Conditions, Vol.1, Tromso, Norway, June 21-24, 1998 (published by E&FN Spon).
F.N. Smith: "The use of stainless steel for concrete reinforcing bars is gaining momentum", Stainless Steel World, Vol.10, No.6, August 1998, p.52.
F.N. Smith, C.P. Cutler and D.J. Cochrane: "Stainless Steel Reinforcing Bars", Proc. Conf., Conference on Understanding Corrosion Mechanisms in Concrete, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 27-31 July 1997.
FORCE Institute: "Stainless Steel Reinforcement - State of the Art Report", Viborg, Denmark, April 1997.
Euro Inox: "Life Cycle Costing and Stainless Steels. Case Study - River Crossing Highway Bridge", Euro Inox, Zurich, Switzerland, 1997.
C.J. Abbott: "Corrosion-free Concrete Structures with Stainless Steel", Concrete, Vol.31, No.5, May 1997, pp.28-32.
A.K.C. Ip and F. Pianca: "Application of Stainless Steel Reinforcement for Highway Bridges in Ontario", Nickel-Cobalt 97, Vol. IV: Applications and Materials Performance, pp.227-284. Editors: F.N. Smith, J.F. McGurn, G.Y. Lai and V.S. Sastri, The Metallurgical Society, CIM, 1997, Montreal.
U. Nürnberger (Ed.): "Stainless Steel in Concrete - State of the Art Report", European Federation of Corrosion Report No.18, The Institute of Materials, 1996.
G.R. Summers and N.H. Olsen: "New Concepts in the Durability and Repair of Reinforced Concrete in the Gulf and Methods of Repair", Proc. Conf., Muscat, Oman, 15-17 December 1996, pp.81-107.
Nickel Development Institute: "Long life ambition - Stainless steel reinforcing bars used for Guildhall Yard East", Nickel, Vol.12, No.1, Autumn 1996 (NiDI Reprint Series No. 14041).
U.S. Dept. of Transportation: Federal Highway Administration Publication No. FHWA-RD-96-085, October 1996.
R.N. Cox and J.W. Oldfield: "The Long Term Performance of Austenitic Stainless Steel in Chloride Contaminated Concrete", Corrosion in Concrete Conference, Cambridge, UK, June 1996.
C.J. Abbott: "Stainless Steel in Concrete, The British Experience", Pianeta Inossidabili, September 1996, Acciaierie Valbruna SRL, Vicenza, Italy.
D.B. McDonald et al.: "Stainless Steel Reinforcing as Corrosion Protection", Concrete International, May 1995 (Nickel Development Institute Reprint No. 14034).
J. Hewitt and M. Tullmin: "Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking Performance of Stainless Steel and other Reinforcing Bar Materials in Concrete", Corrosion and Corrosion Protection of Steel in Concrete, Editor: R.N. Swamy, Sheffield Academic Press, 1994, p.527.
K.W.J. Treadaway, R.N. Cox and B.L. Brown: "Durability of Corrosion Resisting Steel in Concrete", Proc. Inst. Civ. Engineers, Part 1, 1989, 86, Apr., pp.305-331.

Home